"Development of a Closed-Loop Recycling System for End-of-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries in Urban Environ…"

Minji Lee, Jihun Park, Seungwoo Kim, and the Resource Circulation Convergence Research Center, Seoul National University, test,

This study proposes a fully integrated closed-loop recycling framework designed to maximize the recovery efficiency of critical materials from end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).